Aristotle and John Wesley: On Being Truly Human :: Essays Papers

Aristotle and fanny Wesley On Being Truly HumanMany ideas presented by John Wesley are similar to those presented by Aristotle. These similarities become apparent in various areas, especially in the idea that each person has potential that dissolve be actualized. Be suffice these similarities are apparent, the thoughts of Aristotle whoremaster easily be employed to assist in recording many of Wesleys thoughts. Specifically, the discussion of virtue presented in Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics can assist superstar in understanding Wesleys ideas of affections and tempers, the transit of Christian perfection, means of grace, and the importance of community.AristotleBefore moving on to discuss the similarities between the thought of John Wesley and of Aristotle, it is essential to understand many basic Aristotelian concepts. Prevalent in many of his works, Aristotle discusses how objective lenss can change. In the Metaphysics and On the Soul, Aristotle presents his idea of th e four causes, including material cause, stiff cause, efficient cause, and net cause (Robinson 15-22). Employing the illustration of a potter molding a trunk mug, the material cause is the clay, the basic matter that is the subject of the change. As the clay undergoes the process of being molded, it is being made into a specific shape that has specific functions. This shape and function is called the melodic line or formal cause of the object. In this case, the clay is changing into the form of a mug that is purposed to hold liquids. It should be noted that material is never without form. Before the clay was changed into the form of a mug, it was in the form of a lump of clay that has its own specified function. Each time matter undergoes change there is an agentive role responsible for the process. The agent is the efficient cause. In this case, the potter is responsible for transforming the clay matter into the mug form. The final cause, or the end, occurs when the m atter is made into a particular form. Although every object has many median(a) ends, all these ends lead to a single last-ditch end. The mug, for instance, can be used as a paperweight or as a decoration, but the net end that is suitable for the mug form is to be an object that holds liquid. The process of an object functioning appropriately to its form, which is the actualization of its potential, is aimed at attaining this ultimate end.Aristotle and John Wesley On Being Truly Human Essays PapersAristotle and John Wesley On Being Truly HumanMany ideas presented by John Wesley are similar to those presented by Aristotle. These similarities become apparent in various areas, especially in the idea that each person has potential that can be actualized. Because these similarities are apparent, the thoughts of Aristotle can easily be employed to assist in understanding many of Wesleys thoughts. Specifically, the discussion of virtue presented in Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics can assist one in understanding Wesleys ideas of affections and tempers, the process of Christian perfection, means of grace, and the importance of community.AristotleBefore moving on to discuss the similarities between the thought of John Wesley and of Aristotle, it is essential to understand many basic Aristotelian concepts. Prevalent in many of his works, Aristotle discusses how objects can change. In the Metaphysics and On the Soul, Aristotle presents his idea of the four causes, including material cause, formal cause, efficient cause, and final cause (Robinson 15-22). Employing the illustration of a potter molding a clay mug, the material cause is the clay, the basic matter that is the subject of the change. As the clay undergoes the process of being molded, it is being made into a specific shape that has specific functions. This shape and function is called the form or formal cause of the object. In this case, the clay is changing into the form of a mug that is purposed to hold liquids. It should be noted that material is never without form. Before the clay was changed into the form of a mug, it was in the form of a lump of clay that has its own specified function. Each time matter undergoes change there is an agent responsible for the process. The agent is the efficient cause. In this case, the potter is responsible for transforming the clay matter into the mug form. The final cause, or the end, occurs when the matter is made into a particular form. Although every object has many intermediate ends, all these ends lead to a single ultimate end. The mug, for instance, can be used as a paperweight or as a decoration, but the ultimate end that is suitable for the mug form is to be an object that holds liquid. The process of an object functioning appropriately to its form, which is the actualization of its potential, is aimed at attaining this ultimate end.

Blind Faith and False Belief: An Examination of the Development of The

The purpose of this paper is to closely examine the effects of children with internal profound visual impairment (CPVI) and a possible correlation to the delay in the development of theory of mind (ToM). Specifically, this paper will compare a study that investigated how visual cues bushel the development of ToM to a similarly themed episode from the popular television show Xena Warrior Princess. On the surface these two groups whitethorn appear to be an odd comparison, for children with CPVI and Xena seem like they have nothing in common. However, there is one episode in particular entitled unreasoning Faith, in which these two worlds collide in a unique and surprising way proving and interesting parallel and additional insight into how blindness may affect the development of the theory of mind. In the article entitled, An investigation of first-order false belief rationality of children with congenital profound visual impairment, a detailed look at the development of ToM was p erformed. Theory of mind (ToM) is defined as the ability to impute noetic states to others and to take care and predict behavior in terms of those mental states (Green 1). In order to examine ToM, the study performed a series of false belief tests. False belief can also be explained as error which connected to false reasoning. In the case of the children in this study, the false belief would be if they can correctly identify how another person would respond to a specific task, if that person had limited information that the children were previously made privy too. These tests are important because, as they article explains the testing false belief is the some direct way to access if a person has a fully developed theory of mind (Dennett c... ...ere is a correlation between blindness and a delay to the development ToM. Whether its Xena or children with congenital profound visual impairment its obvious that visual cues are significant when trying to interpret the actions o f others. Xena, like the children in the study, was forced to rely on other senses to compensate for the lack of visual cues, which is important because without them children are at a disadvantage to understanding the greater world around them. Works CitedBlind Faith. Xena Warrior Princess. Created by Rob Tapert and Sam Raimi. Perf. Lucy Lawless, Renee OConnor. USA Network. April 17, 1997.Green, Sarah, Linda Pring, and John Swettenham. An Investigation of First-order False Belief correspondence of Children with Congenital Profound Visual Impairment. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 22.1 (2004) 1-17.

The Boeing Company :: PEST SWOT marketing strategy

CONTENTS1. caller OVERVIEWp.3 to 4Companys vision, mission statement and objectives Visionp.3Boeing- Airbus market share ..p.42.SITUATION ANALYSIS.p. 5 to 10PEST analysis..p.5SWOT analysis p.7Boeing Corporate Culture...p.103.THE BOEING COMPANY MARKETING POLICYp.11 to 30Segmentation....p.11Boeings Positioning and Targeting strategy..p.12Buyer behaviour......p.15Pricing strategy in the Boeing-Airbus duopoly . p.16Analysis of Major Customers...p.18Description of Products and Services...p.20The life cycle of Boeings commercial airplanesp.23Boeings dialogue Policy.p.24Public Relations ..p.27Distribution policy...p.284.PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT .p.31 to 34Brief overview of Boeings procurement activity ...p.31e-procurement ..p.32Recommendations....p.345. equivalence WITH AIRBUS .p.35 to 37Airbus S.A.S brief overview ..p.35Reasons behind the Duopoly ...p.35Comparison of both Boeing and Airbus strategies.....p.36Latest commercial disputes ..p.366.ATTACK AND DEFEND STRATEGIES . p.38Attack strategy ..p.38Defend strategy .....p.387.RECOMMENDATIONS .p.398.APPENDIXES.p.41 to 451.COMPANY OVERVIEWCompanys vision, mission statement and objectives VisionVisionPeople working together as one global company for aerospace leadershipBoeing- The prospective of flight.MissionTo be the number one aerospace company in the world and among the premier industrial concerns in terms of quality, profitability and growthObjectivesTo achieve the above goals and fulfil Boeings mission, the following objectives will guide companyContinuous improvements in quality of products and processesOur committedness to steady, long-term improvement in our products and processes is the cornerstone of our contrast strategy. To achieve this objective, we must work to endlessly improve the overall quality of our design, manufacturing, administrative, and support organizations.A highly skilled and motivated workforceOur most weighty resource is our human resource the people who design and bui ld our products and service our customers. Given the right combination of skills, training, communications, environment, and leadership, we believe our employees will achieve the needed gains in productivity and quality to meet our goals.Capable and focused management To employ our technical and human resources with optimum efficiency, we must ensure that managers are carefully selected, appropriately trained, and work together to achieve our long-range goals.Technical excellenceIn a world of fast-challenging technology, we can only remain competitive by continuously refining and expanding our technical capability.Financial strengthThe high-risk, cyclical nature of our business demands a strong financial base. We must retain the capital resources to meet our true commitments and make substantial investments to develop new products and new technology for the future. This objective also requires contingency planning and control to ensure the company is not overextended should a seve re economic downturn occur the plan period.Commitment to integrityIntegrity, in the broadest sense, must pervade our actions in all relationships, including those with our customers, suppliers, and each other. This is a commitment to uncompromising values and conduct.

The Necklace :: Character analysis, Loisel

In the short story The Necklace, the main character, Loisel, is a woman who dreams of greater things in her lifespan. She is married to a short clerk who tries his best to make her happy no matter what. In an attempt to try to bring happiness to his wife, he manages to get two invitations to a very classy ball, but even in light of this Loisel is still sorrowful. Even when she gets a new dress she is still unhappy. This lasts until her husband suggests she borrows some jewelry from a friend, and upon doing so she is finally happy. Once the ball is over, and they reach home, Loisel has the horrible realization that she has lost the necklace, and after ten years of hard labor and suffering, they gestate off debts incurred to get a replacement. The central idea of this story is how something small can have a life changing effect on our and others lifes. This idea is presented through internal and external conflicts, third person omniscient point of view, and the round-dynamic chara cter of Loisel. The third person limited omniscient point-of-view is prevalent end-to-end this short story in the way that the author lets the reader that see into the main characters thoughts. Loisel is revealed to the reader as being unhappy with her life and wishing for fancier things. She suffered ceaselessly, feeling herself born for all the delicacies and all the luxuries. (de Maupassant 887) When her husband tries to fancy things up, she thought of dainty dinners, of shining silverware, of tapestry which peopled the walls (de Maupassant 887) As the story goes on her point of view changes, as she now knew the horrible existence of the needy. She took her part, moreover all of a sudden, with heroism. (de Maupassant 891) Having the accountability to know that the dreadful debt mustiness be paid. (de Maupassant 891 ) This point-of-view is used to help the reader gain more insight to how Loisels whole mindset is changed throughout her struggle to pay off their debts. Maupassant only reveals the thoughts and feelings of these this main character leaving all the others as flat characters. Loisel is a round-dynamic character in that Maupassant shows how she thought she was born in the wrong station. She dress plainly because she could not dress well, but she was as unhappy as though she had really fallen from her proper station.

Martin Luther King and Love :: essays research papers

It is rather difficult to speak of turn in in an pilot sense today. If soul were to ask an individual to define love, a common response would be, love cannot be explained, it cannot be defined. This answer would be pleasant if love was evenly matte up for and between all people. But any adept would have to agree to the fact that there argon different degrees and levels of love. Someone would not love his or her family members the analogous way they would his or her spouse. Love varies between different levels of action and feeling, and a definition of each level must be discover in ramble to understand its varying power. Martin Luther King Jr. felt the take away to address this particular issue when discussing the principles behind the non-violent student exertion for civilised rights. King felt that a working idea of love was the keystone to the philosophy of a non-violent protest. Turning to the Greek language and idea of love, King was adapted to define deuce-ace pa rticular levels, eros, philia, and agape. His goal was to take one of these three levels and use it as the definitive quality of the non-violent movement.The non-violent philosophy was not a movement of pacifism to Martin Luther King, it was one of action. Absolute strength was apparent in its practice, but how? The student movement caused many of its participants to be severely beaten, chastised, and arrested, only to continue term never contend back. Why were they doing this? King felt the answer was that through their actions they would a call forthn not only the majority, but much importantly the minority to the need for equal rights. insensibility had set in among both groups causing them to accept the current state of affairs, and like the great gadfly Socrates, King and the students were forcing both groups to wake up and move over their eyes. First, to get back on track, it is important to look at the three separate levels of love, and it would make sense to first look at eros. Eros is a romantic love, the kind of love one would have towards a beautiful object, or person. It is that sexual drive that is most apparent at the early stages of a relationship. This could be considered to be the first definition people would think of when questioned about the meaning of love. In fact in a more layman tone-beginning at understanding eros one can think of the feeling one has during a crush, where a persons affections are aimed at a single individual.Martin Luther King and Love essays research papers It is rather difficult to speak of love in an original sense today. If someone were to ask an individual to define love, a common response would be, love cannot be explained, it cannot be defined. This answer would be acceptable if love was equally felt for and between all people. But anyone would have to agree to the fact that there are different degrees and levels of love. Someone would not love his or her family members the same way they would his or he r spouse. Love varies between different levels of action and feeling, and a definition of each level must be discovered in order to understand its varying power. Martin Luther King Jr. felt the need to address this particular issue when discussing the principles behind the non-violent student movement for civil rights. King felt that a working idea of love was the keystone to the philosophy of a non-violent protest. Turning to the Greek language and idea of love, King was able to define three particular levels, eros, philia, and agape. His goal was to take one of these three levels and use it as the definitive quality of the non-violent movement.The non-violent philosophy was not a movement of pacifism to Martin Luther King, it was one of action. Absolute strength was apparent in its practice, but how? The student movement caused many of its participants to be severely beaten, chastised, and arrested, only to continue while never fighting back. Why were they doing this? King felt th e answer was that through their actions they would awaken not only the majority, but more importantly the minority to the need for equal rights. Apathy had set in among both groups causing them to accept the current state of affairs, and like the great gadfly Socrates, King and the students were forcing both groups to wake up and open their eyes. First, to get back on track, it is important to look at the three separate levels of love, and it would make sense to first look at eros. Eros is a romantic love, the kind of love one would have towards a beautiful object, or person. It is that sexual drive that is most apparent at the early stages of a relationship. This could be considered to be the first definition people would think of when questioned about the meaning of love. In fact in a more layman attempt at understanding eros one can think of the feeling one has during a crush, where a persons affections are aimed at a single individual.

Martin Luther King and Love :: essays research papers

It is rather difficult to speak of bonk in an original sense today. If someone were to ask an individual to define love, a special K response would be, love trick non be explained, it cannot be defined. This answer would be shamable if love was equally snarl for and between all mountain. But anyone would pack to agree to the feature that there are antithetical degrees and levels of love. Someone would not love his or her family members the same way they would his or her spouse. Love varies between different levels of action and timbre, and a definition of each level must be discovered in order to understand its varying power. Martin Luther King Jr. felt the need to anticipate this particular issue when discussing the principles behind the non-violent student consummation for civil rights. King felt that a working idea of love was the backbone to the philosophy of a non-violent protest. Turning to the Greek language and idea of love, King was able to define trey particu lar levels, eros, philia, and agape. His goal was to take one of these threesome levels and use it as the definitive quality of the non-violent movement.The non-violent philosophy was not a movement of pacifism to Martin Luther King, it was one of action. Absolute strength was apparent in its practice, provided how? The student movement caused many of its participants to be severely beaten, chastised, and arrested, only to continue while never fighting back. Why were they doing this? King felt the answer was that by means of their actions they would awaken not only the majority, but more importantly the minority to the need for equal rights. Apathy had set in among both groups causing them to accept the current assure of affairs, and like the great gadfly Socrates, King and the students were forcing both groups to wake up and open their eyes. First, to get back on track, it is important to understand at the three separate levels of love, and it would make sense to first look at eros. Eros is a romantic love, the kind of love one would return towards a bonny object, or person. It is that sexual drive that is most apparent at the early stages of a relationship. This could be considered to be the first definition people would think of when questioned virtually the meaning of love. In fact in a more layman attempt at understanding eros one can think of the feeling one has during a crush, where a persons affections are aimed at a single individual.Martin Luther King and Love essays research document It is rather difficult to speak of love in an original sense today. If someone were to ask an individual to define love, a common response would be, love cannot be explained, it cannot be defined. This answer would be acceptable if love was equally felt for and between all people. But anyone would have to agree to the fact that there are different degrees and levels of love. Someone would not love his or her family members the same way they would his or her spouse. Love varies between different levels of action and feeling, and a definition of each level must be discovered in order to understand its varying power. Martin Luther King Jr. felt the need to address this particular issue when discussing the principles behind the non-violent student movement for civil rights. King felt that a working idea of love was the keystone to the philosophy of a non-violent protest. Turning to the Greek language and idea of love, King was able to define three particular levels, eros, philia, and agape. His goal was to take one of these three levels and use it as the definitive quality of the non-violent movement.The non-violent philosophy was not a movement of pacifism to Martin Luther King, it was one of action. Absolute strength was apparent in its practice, but how? The student movement caused many of its participants to be severely beaten, chastised, and arrested, only to continue while never fighting back. Why were they doing this? King felt the answer was that through their actions they would awaken not only the majority, but more importantly the minority to the need for equal rights. Apathy had set in among both groups causing them to accept the current state of affairs, and like the great gadfly Socrates, King and the students were forcing both groups to wake up and open their eyes. First, to get back on track, it is important to look at the three separate levels of love, and it would make sense to first look at eros. Eros is a romantic love, the kind of love one would have towards a beautiful object, or person. It is that sexual drive that is most apparent at the early stages of a relationship. This could be considered to be the first definition people would think of when questioned about the meaning of love. In fact in a more layman attempt at understanding eros one can think of the feeling one has during a crush, where a persons affections are aimed at a single individual.

Marketing Research Essay

Conclusion The purpose of this query is to identify whether Dilmah should expect the up-to-date campaign or modify the campaign. The result from the secondary research and base qantative research show the tot up color tea leaf leaf leaf sales has great change magnitude about 13% from 2008 2009 which is a fantastic result in the world economic recession period of epoch. Dilmah has commercialise sh atomic number 18 of 29% which is the highest share of cardinal dishonor. Dilmah target customer is traditional family and hop on is from middle to mature convention.The Larry report says their customers are satisiftied with the freshest and finest tea quality and consumers agreed Dilmah has achieved the goal of tea quality. The main tea market are in Auckland 51% in 2009, Wellington and Canterburry. From primary research determinations, female has higher purchasing tea percentage than male and the age group is 36 and more. People who are employeed as income earner less tha n 20 hours is recall seeing the TV advertising. Dilmah doesnt imprint the top of estimate brand sensation for the age group 36-45 but it is mostly recognized by the age group 26-35. Dilmah issues price is a very strong competitetor of Dilmah in barren tea market as they nonplus a very close market share percentages over years from 2005 to 2009. ships bell is more reconigized at the age group of 35 46 by 94% (193) but the age group of 18 25 and 46 and over still consider 67% and 61% top of take care brand awareness for Bell. The 58% of age group 26 35 has top of mind brand awareness for Dilmah and the 33% of age group 18 25 has top of mind brand awareness for Dilmah. 59% of male and 64% female all reconigized Bell but 39% male and 13% female know Dilmah as top of mind brandawareness. 6% of less 20 hrs knows Bell but 15% knows Dilmah. 61% of non employeed knows Dilmahbut which they might not be the main group who purchase tea normally in the household. 32% of 35 46 who pu rchased tea Be to cafe last 4 weeks Female purchased tea more $704,000 and is about 4 times than male $188,000 at sales. Top main 3 group purchase tea 40 44, 45 49 and 70 and over RM Who bought tea last 4 months * 2 main group64% of traditional family (middle to mature age with stable income and family oriented and traditional value) and 41% visible achievers and they take aim very similar family valuesWho purchased tea last 3 months * 36 45 and 46 and over for bell (29% of interviewers purchased Bell Tea) * 26 35 and 36 45 for Dilmah (30% of interviewer purchased Dilmah) * 25% purchased Twinings The market trend to make happy black has hold outed from 2007 because the black tea sale. The total black sale of 2005 to 2009 has increased steadily which presented the successful of the media and publicity from the secondary entropy findings. The result shows that those three major brands Dilmah, Bell and Twinings are invested into the most rough-and-ready forms of media at the past three to four years.Dilmah media expenditure has always been the highest in TV advertising from 2005 2008 ( 67% to 91% of Dilmah total expenditure of media) apart from 2009 comparing to the major three tea brands. Bell, the second tea brand spent the most amount of m one and only(a)y in TV advertisement at 2009 which showed the result of the total tea sale was the only one brand has had increases sales from 2008 to 2009 about few percentages. Dilmah reduced the spending for TV advertisement about 23% which has slightly reduced the tea sales about little percentage but Dilmah is still No. 1 of black tea market.As a result, Dilmah has been always focusing on the chastise media form for advertising their product and has been successful on the result of sales and market share. Nevertheless, Dilmah still lacks the brand awareness as it shows in the primary / qanatative research findings that Dilmah did not come to Top of mind brand awareness and Bell was the inaugural tea brand c omes to their mind. 62% of interviewers chose Bell and only 22% of interviewers chose Dilmah which makes Dilmah comes second. This clearly shows Dilmah has significant issue about the brand awareness which has always been an issue of them move to achieve it.From the research findings, the main group which has been purchased tea for last four months are The total black tea market sales from 2008 2009 has huge appendage about 13%. The total The purpose of this research is to identify whether Dilmah should continue the occurrent campaign or modify the campaign. The result from the secondary research and primary qantative research are showing the most effective forms of media and publicity is TV advertising which the campaign is focusing on. The past few years that Dilmah has been focus on TV advertising and the result shows the sales of Dilmah black tea has been increased steadily.It proved TV advertising has achieved the result of increasing the sales of tea. The research has inve stigated the 5 objectives which are key trends in the tea market, key customer segments and a profile of each, levels of brand awareness and measure attitudes towards teas as a drink. The findings show Dilmah should continue the current campaign as it is. Key trend in the tea market (market size, market share and priceetc) Key customer segment and a profile of each Brand Awareness The most effective form of media and publicityAttitude toward to tea as a drink Recommendation Id research problems / to understand / to investigate / to explore The primary research has contained five objectives are key trend in the tea market, key customer segments, the most effective forms of media and publicity and the measurement attitude towards tea as a drink. Unfortunately, it has had 800 survey but female is almost double of male. This may because the survey accuracy as the secondary research findings shows female has much higher percentage of purchasing the tea which might affect the survey.Besid e, there is one more important finding that from middle to mature age groups are also the main groups of tea purchasing. The survey also has higher percentage people at the age group of 36 45 and 45 and over. In the primary research, it has covered quite well at the brand awareness question but there are not enough data which required to support the campaign should keep going or modify at the objectives of effectiveness of media, attitude to buy / drink tea and profile of customer segment.The key customer segment by employment should be full time worker, part time worker or non-employed. It give be good to know who does grocery shopping of the household. Full time housewife with out job or Housewife with part time job, part time student or full time student The attitude toward to tea as drink lead be good to have the question of what kind of tea is the most favorite to drink? Answer to be black, herbal and green tea which can help to know the current trend of drink tea. * Main r easons of purchasing the tea What kind packaging is the most favourite etc paper bag, tin, glass jar etc * What kind of advertising comes to mind when you think about tea advertising? * What would you expect to see from tea advertising? Tea history, fashion trend, tea tasteetc * Attitude to buy / boozing tea? (change to actionable statement to identify * Effectiveness of advertising * Profile of segments behaviour (drinking tea) The secondary and primary researches have got a numbers of good info and data to support the continued campaign of TV advertisement as the most effective form of media.However, it still lack the important instruction and data key customer segment, attitude toward to tea as drink and the type of tea advertising to support the campaign. The key customer segment pass on evince which group is main consumers purchase tea for the household and when and where lead the best time to have campaign on according the life consumers. The great education of attitud e toward tea as drink can modify the campaign to the advertising that consumers would expect to see and also show who main consumers are.The type of media form will shape up consumers to purchase Dilmah tea brand. Sometimes, it is very hard to encourage consumers to change the brand they have drunk for long time as tea is a very family oriented drink. Drinking tea can be the family apparel which dominated by the main person who is shopping for the household. For that reason, it is essential to have the focus group qualitative research to The research requires 8 12 people and homogeneous in terms of demorgraphic and socio-economic characteristics. Of course, those people need to have the habit of drinking tea.The final thing is has not participated in many focus groups. The reseach will also require a relax environment and it will takes about 1. 5 2 hours. The research will be recorded all relvant information including facial expression and body language so the recorder will need to be in the central front of the room behind the moderator. The moderator will question the group and lead the discussion to the proper way to encourage the group not be afraid to express own ideas and opinions. A good qualified moderator will be detached but kind and last-place statement Identify the need for qual research (topic) To explain yes we have got some good information but still lack some important information for support to provide more about how to present to public to recommend what should need according to behaviour or age group Just comes one statement that is actionable to complete by the research (your task) Going to Appendix Good morning/ afternoon Thank you for taking the time to meet with us. We will honor your time by making sure that we wrap up in the next 90 minutes.Does anyone mind if we tape record this for our records? The tape will be only use for the case study of the major tea brand campaign design. We are researchers under contract with the major t ea brand to conduct the tea brand awareness and the attitude toward to tea as a drink. Our evaluation is formative and qualitative. This means that our primary point is to gather information that helps the major tea brand origination finest tea product and improve the brand awareness. The information we collect is by design descriptive rather than numeric.We have a system for quantifying qualitative information, but for now, we dont need to be concerned with counting things. We just want your ideas and opinions. There is no right and wrong for each question and each idea and opinion are all very valuable information for the research. Any question before we start? Be sure that everyone signs and completes the info on the sign-up sheet. Key themes Suggested question End the guide with some kind of thank you and conclusion recognize that people will have gone out of their way to participate

Mitosis and Meiosis

It is important that cells go through mitosis because it makes each new cell contain the same gentic information. If meiosis did not occur the echo would cease to exist. Mitosis is the process of chromosomes dividing. There are four steps that it goes through. Between cell incision the cells are in interphase. During this there is cell result and the transmittedal material such as DNA is contained in the chromosomes, duplicated so that when the cell divides each new cell has a full version of the same genetic material.First is prophase, which the chromosomes coil up and become visible. Second is metaphase, the chromosomes move in toward the center. Third is anaphase, and here is where the cromatids are pulled apart. Fourth and last, is the telophase, this is when a nuclear envelope forms around the chromosomes. If mitosis occurred in the gametes, when fertilization happens the offspring would receive a double dose of hereditary information. To prevent this, it undergoes the redu ction division of meiosis. Meiosis is a form of cell division that cuts the number of chromosomes in halves in the gametes.An organism would need to go through mitosis for growth, development, repair and asexual reproduction. Meiosis is important for eukayotic organisms, this causes production of gametes which is the organisms reproductive cells) for sexual reproduction. Mesoisi is precise random in its way of separating homologus pairs. It randomly determins which of each pair ends up in each newly produced gametes. An organism with 23 pairs of chromosomes can produce 8,388,603 manageable types of gametes. According to (2010), The process of meiosis also creates another opportunity to generate genetic diversity.During one phase of meiosis, called metaphase, the arrangement of each pair of homologous chromosomes is random, and incompatible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes line up with varying orientations to create new gene combinations on different chromosomes. This action is called independent assortment. (para. Five).Reference (2010). Understanding Genetics growth and Reproduction. Retrieved from http//www. libraryindex. com/pages/2222/Understanding-Genetics-GROWTH-REPRODUCTION. html

International Economy (Eu)& UK Construction Sector Essay

When John Maynard Keynes, father of modern microeconomics, first formulated the theory of how to amplify national product, brass domestic production, and address the issues of inflation and unemployment, government spending was the example that he drew upon as one of the economic solutions in regularise to escape such(prenominal) problems which had significantly impacted the United States in many European countries and even resulted in the economic Great Depression.This is important especially for the event of construction and infrastructure in the United Kingdom beca expenditure, as the economist had place it, construction and infrastructure projects atomic number 18 the largest government spending economic activities (Begg et al. 2008). Therefore, in the question of economic development for the UK, construction in such public Works by the government is seen as the primary way in ordinance to follow such economic concepts to avoid further microeconomic problems.However, economi cs understands that the local projects such as infrastructure that are created by the government in order to deliver services under the umbrella of public goods do not occur in a static situation and there are other external economic variables that are taken into consideration in such an occurrence(Begg et al. 2008). Therefore, especially in todays global thriftiness, the international economy figure outs an important component in the construction sector of the United Kingdom and that specific industry.The area of financing or one of the international economic factors that play a significant role. Remember that government infrastructure and public working projects are often extremely expensive public good initiatives that could not be handled and funded by local governments in that process. In the example of Third World countries, most development and infrastructure projects are gone about by espousal in international institutions such as the World Bank and international monetary fund.In the United Kingdom, however, a first world country, even though theyre also funds allocated by the local government for such infrastructure projects, international financing through economic cooperation activities with other countries place the role of funding such government works (Obstfeld et al. 2005). The macro economic multiplier effect for labor and spending claims that such funds that are borrowed from international economies whitethorn be repaid by the exponential growth in reduction in a country which is created by labor growth in labor consumption through production.Another importance of the international community to local construction projects is that construction and engineering eventually creates knowledge spillovers especially for countries that have made use of the same kinds of infrastructure. Such knowledge spillovers are important especially in the generation of higher-level management and individuals who have knowledge and eventually economies of scale in such construction and infrastructure projects. Without previous knowledge, or costly for the United Kingdom to implement construction projects on its own especially for the relevant on the riskiness public works infrastructure (Caves 2007).In this respect, the European Union, the larger economic umbrella in the area, is able to address both these issues especially the first one. In international trade theory in economics, there are five levels of economic operations, where a trade union is the highest one that generates international capital mobility as well as international labor mobility among members of such trade union and economic cooperation (Artis & Nixson 2007). Therefore, the existence of European Union significantly contributes to improvements in the public works infrastructure sector of the United Kingdom.

Sundiata War

Victor Arndt Dr. Black World History Due 20th October, 2008 Sundiata and state of war In Sundiata an Epic of Old Mali we learned that war is a necessity in certain cases. War is sometimes required to defend the home or centering of life. When people feel threatened, they will rise up and defend themselves. War can result in death and destruction of properties. In some cases, war is used by an aggressor to capture resources. War is also used to affect justice. The King Soumaoro was a vindictive king. He had so much agent and authority that people thought they could not take flight his power.He made his people fear him. Those who did not obey or fear him were brutally killed. As quoted from Sundiata But Soumaoro was an evil demon and his reign had produced postal code but bloodshed. (Sundiata 41). One thing the king greatly enjoyed was to publicly flog poor vulnerable old men. The king had no compassion towards his people and enjoyed comprehend others suffer. His people did not a ppreciate being humiliated, mistreated or taken advantage of. People would soon revolt against their king. King Soumaoro took women from surrounding areas and put them in a village to have his way with them. He had defiled every family and everywhere in the vast empire there were villages populated by girls whom he had forcibly abducted from their families without marrying them. (Sundiata, 41). The king was considered to be untouchable and had the ability do what he pleased. Having these women was not enough for Soumaoro, he had to have his own nephew, Fakoli Koromas wife. He locked her up and had his way with her whenever he pleased. This made his nephew very irate and caused him to turn his back on him and go to war against Soumaoro. Since you are not ashamed to commit incest by pickings my wife, I am freed from all ties with you from this day forward. Henceforth I shall be on the side of your enemies. (Sundiata, 42). This is one reason why people would go to war against each ot her. Most men are very protective of their women. The idea of another man having his wife or daughter locked up to have his way with her caused conflict. Sundiata was an in certifyigent and thoughtful leader, and a strong warrior. He used the element of surprise against his enemy. The Sossos were surprised by the attack of Sundiata which resulted in a quick battle.Sundiata knew that he could not allow Soumaoro any amount of time to attack Tabon. We must not allow Soumaoro the time to attack Tabon. (Sundiata, 49) He knew he had to seize the moment. This was a very smart move on Sundiatas part because he knew that he did not have much time before more lives would be lost and possibly another kingdom. Sundiata and Soumaoro met and the battle of Negueboria begun. The audience was introduced to the types of weapons used. There were soldiers on horses, with marks and spears. Soldiers from surrounding areas would also come and join in the battle.Among them were ground soldiers and skill ed archers, who play an important role in war. Tactics were the same as most armies of the time. The archers fired arrows into the enemy until the cavalry or ground soldiers reached who them. War was fought hand to hand, stigma to sword, and face to face. There are also parts of the story that depicted Soumaoro as a mythological person or creature. It was said that a sword bounces off his chest like a rock that fell to the ground. (Sundiata, 52). This is definitely not true, but the griot tells it this way to show how people thought of Soumaoros power and strength.Due to how Soumaoro had treated his people, the surrounding villages welcomed Sundiata and were more than willing to fight by his side. Side villages opened their gates to Sundiata. In all of these villages Sundiata recruited soldiers. (Sundiata, 54). Sundiata also had reinforcements from all the refractory kings of the savanna orbit. Fakoli had gone south to recruit more troops. The people were not only fighting for p ride, they were fighting for their families because Soumaoro had either taken or abused them in public.Sundiata knew it was time for justice and peace. Before the battle of Krina, Sundiata and Soumaoro would send owls back and forth to communicate their reasons for war. The two of them sending owls back and forth is not true. However, this proves that people had to tell their reasons for war, before they began fighting. The king or person was not to rage war against someone for no reason, like Soumaoro had done to so many others. In the battle of Krina, justice and peace prevail. Soumaoro finally got what he deserved, for all the wrong and evil doings.Sundiata, while with Fakoli by his side, fired and killed Soumaoro with a cock spear. The one was avenging his humiliated country while the other was prompted by the love of a wife. (Sundiata, 66). This shows the love that Sundiata had for his people by risking his own life for their happiness. As seen in Sundiata, war was used as a me ans of bringing peace and justice to the kingdom. Sundiata protected the people by going to war with Soumaoro. Soumaoro mistreated and took advantage of the poor commoners. The king would slew their women, take goods, and tax heavily.Krina was a battle Sundiata inflicted upon Soumaoro, because of the things he was doing to his people and his kingdom. These events portrayed how and why war was brought upon a person or kingdom in a West African society. Justice was served when Sundiata claimed what was finally his, the throne. Conflict was resolved when all of the women and young girls were set free from captivity. Peace would reign after the city was destroyed. These events show up what happens when people are abused, mistreated, and humiliated. Many people lost their lives and families, but this was the price to pay for freedom, love, and happiness.

Hewlett-Packard Under Carly Fiorina, and After Her Essay

1) How do you judge the quality of a product, whether a computer or something else? Is it mostly by price? question your perception of price and quality as well as any ramifications. The quality of a product depends how well it was made and how well the product whole shebang to meet expectations. Price muckle be a determinate of quality, but this is not always true. A product may be cheaper and still be of good quality if the company has figured out a way to reduce overhead cost which helps determine price. I normally base my purchasing decisions off of quality and price. Many companies cut cost to make their products cheaper so their sales will ontogenesis, but lowering cost is not always a good plan. The companies that cut prices normally fall behind because the companies that have better quality products study ahead in the long run.2) Tradition has no patch in corporate thinking today. Discuss this statement. Many companies puzzle active by practicing tradition (ex. Starb ucks employee treatment). Though tradition is an important aspect of many companies, tradition can hinder companies growth over time and the aim for innovation can be faulted. I think tradition can be unplowed inside a company and the company still be roaring, but traditions gradually change to keep the companys original objective alive. Depending on the company and the companys objective determines whether tradition can be incorporated or not.3) Giant organizations are often plagued with cumbersome bureaucracies. Discuss how this movement could be prevented as an organization grows to large-scale size over many years. Bureaucracy can limit the growth and innovation of a company. The leaders/ solicitude of a company requirement to be able to promote change and motivate others throughout the organization. Bureaucracy starts to form between different levels of an organization and can cause decision making processes to become slower, such as the case with Carly. A company may try decentralizing and delegating jobs to different move of the organization. Though decentralization and delegations can be problematic for companies, it can also speed up processes and be less costly to the organization. Having strong leadership within apiece department can deter any fraudulent or selfish acts and allow for a more successful business with less bureaucracy.4) playacting a devils advocate, present the case against the Compaq merger. Some risks were present in the potential merger of HP and Compaq. How would the merger take place? Would the merger affect the overallstructure and business plan of HP? Was PC growth the future of HP and would this venture help HP become and stay profitable? How long would the merger take? Would this merger be cost effective or would it be more costly to overtake Compaq? Would loyal customers to each brand stay around throughout the merger or would the customers switch their brand loyalty? All of these questions are potential arguments a nd reasons why HP should not complete the merger with Compaq. In the end the merger was a good decision for HP even though it took a while for the company to get where forecasters projected.5) HP is gouging the consumer in charging such high prices for its ink refill cartridges. Sure, its a high profit item, but such profits cross the filiation and are obscene. Discuss. HPs printer and ink business had high profits to help keep its other products stay in production. Though ink refills was HPs sweet spot in the market, HP would probably not hold out in the long run and would eventually need to venture into other types of markets with a strong presence to stay afloat. Just because HP was successful in the ink cartridge market in the stock did not mean the company would remain that way, especially with the other competition in the technology market.6) Do you think the 17,000 jobs lost in the merger was laudatory, or should it be condemned? What would swing your opinion? Cost cutting is to be expected when mergers or reorganization occurs in a company. Even though 17,000 is a large number of job losses it might have been warranted. When merging the company there were many duplicate jobs and departments. With so many duplicate positions it can be hard to manage a successful company. These duplications can cause excessive amount of costs that arent warranted. The job cutting in the case of HP seemed to be necessary but have been a bit excessive in some instances.7) Why do you think Hurds efforts were so successful and so quickly accomplished? Support your conclusions as persuasively as you can. Hurds success came after the merger was already completed. He took advantage of what was already completed and made the other necessary changes to finish making the company successful. His strategic marketing and application of more costs cutting techniques helped the company come to Carlys projected goals. Both Hurd and Carly should receive credit for making HP the compan y it is today since the merger.8) Why do you think Dell lagged so outlying(prenominal) behind HP in tapping into retail markets? Dell was succeeding in the business market and staying veryprofitable. They probably focused all of their attention on this market instead of targeting both markets (business and retail). Since Dell used a low price strategy, the company remained one of the top companies in the market and did not need to worry about expanding and incurring more costs. None of the companies expected the overseas companies to start producing and marketing in the United States thus increasing competition in the technology market. Because Dell focused on low prices and the business market, the invasive competition made them start expanding to the retail market which increased costs and prices of their products. This increase and change took time and affected the companys profits. I think this is why it took so long for Dell to enter the retail market.

Great Gatsby: American Dream

As time flows everlastingly on, the inspirations which man builds Its self-importance upon are prone to change. Throughout Ameri mess history the American dream has changed from macrocosm one which inspired and fed the hopes of people all over the country, to the twenties mangled interpretation of it, where everything revolved around money and status. This theme is expressed in multiple characters and to a greater extent specifically Gatsby who is a prime example of such corruption.The untimely demise of Gatsby in F. Scott Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby, signals the unraveling of the American dream. In the beginning of the impertinent Gatsby dream is pure in its initial form. Starting out his dream is Just like any others, one with glory and a better bread and butter for himself as he believed he deserved. Eventually he gain his dream of riches, this being reflected In his new life In the West Egg with his manor hall being brand new apart from the Ivy coating It possesses along wit h his vast amount of lawn area. Fitzgerald 9) Gatsby pays especial(a) attention to his lawn also, cultivating It as he did with his rise to parcel and controlling most details apart from one section allowed to grow wild, which was a Indo to see the inner turmoil of Gatsby. This anxiety within is helped by the event that one of Gatsby driving notions in the book was to When the realization hits that Gatsby dream is becoming a false sense of its self, the reader is forced to look deeper into the character of Gatsby and who he really is.This leads to the discovery of Gatsby continually living in the past, often times fabricating a story to make himself seem more outgoing and distanced from what he real is, leaving the reader wondering if there wasnt something a little sinister about him after all. (Fitzgerald 69) These tendencies led Gatsby to boast about what materialistic Items he has forthwith and what he can give himself and others. Such as when Gatsby Is feeling anxious about Daisy coming over for tea he mows his own yard for a sense of control then extends his control to also send someone over to cut Nicks grass. (Fitzgerald 88) Eventually, Gatsby possessive feelings lead to the corruption of his dream of winning over Daisy because he begins to hope to possess her as well. The final go point In the novel relating to Gatsby distress with his dream is he climaxing fight between Tom and himself over Daisy. Gatsby being so corrupted now, that he yells and forces his supposed true love to tell her husband she never loved him. (Fitzgerald 139) In the end this actually pushes Daisy away more and back into the arms of her husband, Tom.Within Fitzgerald novel the American dream was once seen as a budding new concept but In the end failed to blossoming due to the circumstances in which the characters, specifically Gatsby, took to find their route to their believed happiness. Great Gatsby American Dream By Instrumentalists As time flows everlastingly on, the dr eams which man builds its self upon are In the beginning of the novel Gatsby dream is pure in its initial form. Starting believed he deserved.Eventually he gain his dream of riches, this being reflected in his new life in the West Egg with his mansion being brand new apart from the coating it possesses along with his vast amount of lawn area. (Fitzgerald 9) Gatsby pays special attention to his lawn also, cultivating it as he did with his rise to fortune hat one of Gatsby driving notions in the book was to materialistic items he has today and what he can give himself and others.Such as when Gatsby is feeling anxious about Daisy coming over for tea he mows his own cut Nicks grass. (Fitzgerald 88) Eventually, Gatsby possessive feelings lead to the The final turning point in the novel relating to Gatsby distress with his dream is the climaxing fight between Tom and himself over Daisy. Gatsby being so corrupted concept but in the end failed to bloom due to the circumstances in which the

Revision practice Essay

The revision changes recommended, in the darft nations the topic sentence should directly address, the thesis as well as state the topic. Each paragraph should realise an effective closing, that reinforces the main point. The revision changes also recommend, the thesis statement should be present, but dont forget the turn out which should begin with an entire. The introductory paragraph, should provide background data on the topic to the readers and grab the readers attention.When writing the supporting detail, for instance when using, learning style, it also means how separately individual student learn best, it is best to try to write options for learning. Remember to organize the reading in the parargraph, each paragraph should consist of at to the lowest degree five sentences of a topic sentence, and tether supporting sentence, and a concluding sentence only in the first line of the paragraph, should be indented. Do non use first person pronouns like i in academic writing , also avoid using personal stories in, academic writing, these same ideas can cool it be convey without making it personal.Working on rewording the paragraph would help to highlight the, same benefits of the ideas, without describing a personal experience. Academic writing should be formal writing, and not informal writing. Avoid repetitive of words, keep conclusion short, it should be four sentence and focus on summarizing, the two or three of the most important main ideas from the essay. The revision changes recommended by, writepoint states when writing avoid leaving a space to begin with a comma. Also remove comma before writing a restrictive phrase otherwise replacethat with which.Dont use hemorrhoid in an essay without commercial words, the word lots is used only for commercial shipments and real estate, are measured in lots. To use a lot of means many much or a large amount. Also recommended by writepoint for any academic writer, should not divide two-part verb beginning with has/ have/ had. The revision provided by plagiarism checker reports refined on, march 16 2012,the feedback states the slimilarity index, was 0%, internet sources 0%, publication 0%, and student papers n/a.1. The topic sentence directly address the thesis, as well as states the topic, for instance, the topic sentence states, although students either can learn from online classroom or traditional classroom, online classroom is more flexible. 2. Each paragraph have an effective closing that reinforces the main point , for instance the main ideas are in the three paragraphs, for instance, learning styles, benefits, and cost of education. 3.The essay is coherent, it geo logical periods with ideas smoothly, for instance, online learning and traditional learning, incline in order, one after the other this make the essay easy to understand. It flows from the beginning to the end, because the starting of the essay starts with the topic sentence and ends with the topic sentence, this a llows the idea to flow after one another within the paragraph, and from paragraph to paragraph so the ideas can flow smoothly.The essay flows from the beginning to the end, which starts with the introduction of the topic sentence in the beginning and to the end of the conclusion of the three main ideas, flows in order.4. The order of the support is logical and effective, because it gives support to the essay, for instance, the essay giveS example of how student can eternal sleep work and school, the supporting detail, is how flexible online learning is, and how effective the support is states how student can balance school life and personal life, this makes the order of support logical and effective. . The essay provides strong evidence to support any opinions, the evidence to support the opinions is ,saves money on gas for car, due to no travel cadence, this allows saving time and money saving.6. The essay reflects on the evidence and apologize its importance, the evidence is st udent can benefit, the importance is student can save money and time, which do explain no travel time and also student dont have to pay for parking, this allows students to save time and money. . The essay use strong renewal between sentences and between paragraphs, the words and phrases shows how the ideas in the sentence and paragraph are related, for example, online learning style, is the transitions between traditional learning The next steps to be taken in the revision process, is to take out unnecessary words and replace weak words, with specific and appropriate wording, this helps the essay.Revision process, allows you to make changes to the first draft before you put the finishing touches, during the editing and proofreading stage. The revision process allows you to improve the draft before you start the editing process. The revision process, is the step when you, add, cut, move, or change information in order to make the ideas in the essay, more accurate, more interesting or more convincing. After revising the content, the next step is to do the editing.This allows you to visit the surface features of the content. The editing process, allows you to examine your spelling, grammer, usage of words, and punctuation in the darft. When editing, it helps you to use proper format when creating the finished essay. The revision process, overall allows you to, add, cut, move, or change information in order to make the ideas in the essay, more accurate, more interesting, or more convincing, when writing your essay.

Inventions Between 1900 and 1930

the time period between 1900 and 1930 saw many technological innovations, from the appearance conditioner to the disposable razor blade. From the store to the cruise missile. Many of these inventions made our lives easier while some others made them more deadly. the origin of these inventions is the air conditioner. While many inventers beforehand had made crude means of cooling the air, just now all be to be ineffective. the earliest method of cooling the air was putting bowls of ice in face of a fan and the resulting cool air cooled the room.On July 17th 1902 a young college graduate, Willis Havilland Carrier drew the plans for his first Apparatus for treating air which was granted its first patent in 1906. this great leap transport in serviceman comfort was actually first made for a printing press where when it got humid it would progress to the ink to smear. Carriers method of cooling the air involved using coiled copper tubing modify with liquid ammonia, which when ai r was blown over the coils would cause the moister to condensate giving him cool dry air.Cooling for human comfort, rather than industrial use, began in 1924, displayed by the three Carrier air conditioners installed in the J. L. Hudson Department descent in Michigan. in order to escape the heat the shoppers of Detroit all went to the air conditioned store. The rise in human cooling spread from the department stores to the movie theaters. It was a cool oasis in an other wise hot world. One of the more deadly inventions of the early 1900s is the tank.The tank got its name because early in WW1 while it was under development the British didnt want the Germans to find out what they were making so they shipped them as water tanks. While no one person can be credited with the invention of the tank it was the British who first used the tank in WW1. To come up with ideas for the tank, the Landship Committee was formed and their recommendations were that a vehicle firing a explosive shell s hould be made that could cross a modular German trench of 8 feet wide, and a 4 foot hill.Various designs were tried ranging from vehicles that walked to gigantic powered tires, but none were really successful, or strategically sound. then came the teentsy Willie. the little Willie was the first modern edition of a tank it was based on the tracks of farm equipment and earth moving autos. even though the little Willie was the first modern version of a tank it never saw flake as it was surpassed by an improved tank named big Willie. Big Willie was the first practical example of a tank as it was the first to be used on the battle field.With a top speed of 3 mph and armor up to 3 inches thick it was not the fastest nor best looking war machine out there but it did its job of providing cover for soldiers storming enemy trenches. Although Little Willie never saw combat and was redundant al near as soon as it was made, it represented a major step forward in early 1900s technology. In con trast to the tank you have the Band Aid. Earle Dickson was employed as a bulk buyer of cotton for Johnson & Johnson when he invented the band-aid in 1921.The reason that Earle invented the band aid was that his wife unploughed cutting her fingers in the kitchen while preparing food. The precursor to the band aid consisted of netting and adhesive that the user apply themselves. Earle took a piece of gauze and stuck it to the middle of a piece of tape, and then covered the adhesive and gauze with a strip of crinoline, to keep it sterile. His boss, James Johnson, saw Earle Dicksons invention and decided to manufacture band assist to the public and make Earle Dickson vice-president of Johnson & Johnson.However ingenious his invention was it was slow to start. Until Jonson and Johnson started to give them to the boy scouts for free as a P. R. stunt and by 1924 band aids were machine made and sold in individually jailed bandages, it wasnt until 1934 that they switched to the vinyl tap e we know today. The thirty years that followed the turn of the century saw some of the most technological advancements ever seen. From the air conditioner to the band aid, without the inventers of the early 1900s the world would still be stuck in a hot bloody band aid free world.

Language-rich classroom

It is prerequisite to admit that acquirement of new delivery shouldnt be only particular stage in child eruptment. developing language skills is very important stage in literacy development of both child. Children acquire new words through everyday interactions with parents, friends and nurture teachers. Recent researches suggest that number of words spoken to children in the starting signal three years of life and the quality of the feedback they receive have a significant impact on their success in school. (Lynn 1997) Many researchers and psychologists claim that children should be placed in language-rich environment to develop their skills better and faster.Language-rich environment at school is of great importance because children are provided with abundance of environmental patsy and text to practice reading, as well as they face written and oral language. Furthermore, children are allowed to submit for support of parents or caregivers. Such classrooms increase children s awareness and help to develop alphabetic principles and enrich vocabulary.The role of a teacher in such classroom is integral as he/she supplies children with necessary textbooks and other materials. Distinguished feature of such classroom is that teachers dont criticize their students instead, they encourage them and reckon in writing and reading activities. Conversation is an essential part of language-rich environment.The main characteristics of language-rich classroom are the pursuance1. teachers read books aloud every day because reading motivates conversation and, therefore, children develop new vocabulary, sentence structures, and they repress fear to speak aloud2. teachers encourage give talk and pretend play because opening the instal of reference into the world of pretend gives additional opportunity for new vocabulary and predicting skills (What Are The Features 2006)3. teachers value children efforts and options substance that teachers ask children to support th eir hypothesis or claim it impart help to develop though exercise and make children to defend their position and extend their thinking4. children are treated as people with kindle and extraordinary experience meaning that children are encouraged during their mealtime or play time to discuss kindle moments with each other (What Are The Features 2006)5. teachers introduce words they can be written of every objective in a classroom.There are many instructional strategies how to support language-rich environment. For example, teachers should speak slowly at first and shouldnt distort their language. Nevertheless, two strategies seem to be of top priority in every classroom. Firstly, teachers should label every object in classroom because it will help newcomers to experience the meanings of the objects at school. Secondly, teachers school from the very beginning of the studies to assign classroom duties among all students because it will help them to consider themselves part of t he classroom. Duties will also develop the sense of duty and responsibility. It goes without saying that all strategies suggest that students should be praised for their work, eve if the problem is very simply. (Literacy Development 2004)Finally, parents and caregivers should be also interested and encourage taking part in childrens development. Researchers say that children who communicate with parents every day develop language skills better than children who dont. Therefore, parent should understand that their children are interesting personality and they want to develop speaking, reading, writing and listening skills. Parents should talk to their children, firstly, about childrens everyday experiences and activities, ask them to describe object, relations with other students. Parent should consider that children are fond of pretend play and should make up stories and poems with them. Drawing and scribbling are the best ways to encourage writing. (What Are The Features 2006)Refe rencesLynn, Leon. (1997). Language-Rich al-Qaida and School Environments Are Key to Reading Success. Retrieved July 12, 2007, from http//www.edletter.org/past/issues/1997-ja/language.shtml

Buenvenido Lumbera Essay

EducationBienvenido Lumbera sure his Litt.B. and M.A. degrees from the University of Santo Tomas in 1950.Ph.D. in Comparative literary works from inch University in 1968.AcademeBienvenido Lumbera taught lit, Filipino Studies and productive report at the Ateneo de Manila University, De La Salle University, the University of the Philippine Diliman, and the University of Santo Tomas.Bienvenido Lumbera was to a fault appointed visiting professor of Philippine Studies at Osaka University of Foreign Studies in Japan from 1985 to 1988 and the very firstly Asian Scholar in Residence at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.Organizational AffiliationBienvenido Lumbera likewise established his leadership among Filipino writers, artists and critics by co-founding cultural organizations such as the Philippine Comparative Literature fellowship in 1969 Pamana ng Panitikan ng Pilipinas in 1970 Kalipunan para sa mga Literatura ng Pilipinas in 1975 Philippine Studies Association of the Philippine s in 1984 and Manunuri ng Pelikulang Pilipino in 1976.In such ways, Bienvenido Lumbera contributed to the downfall of Marcos although he was in Japan during the 1986 Edsa uprising, statement at the Osaka University of Foreign Studies. Bienvenido Lumbera is also the founding and current chairperson of the Board of Trustees of the multi-awarded media group Kodao Productions and a penis of the Concerned Artists of the Philippines and the Bagong Alyansang Makabayan.literary ReputationBienvenido Lumbera is now widely acknowledge as one of the pillars of contemporary Philippine Literature, Cultural Studies and Film, having written and edited numerous books on literary history, literary criticism and film.Bienvenido Lumbera also received several awards citing his contribution to Philippine Letters, most notably the 1975 Palanca purity for Literature the 1993 Magsaysay Award for Journalism Literature, and Creative Communication Arts several National Book Awards from the Manila Critics Ci rcle the 1998 Philippine Centennial Literary Prize for play and the 1999 Cultural Center of the Philippines Centennial Honors for the Arts.Bienvenido Lumbera is currently the editor of sanghaya (National Commission on horticulture and the Arts), professor at the Department of English in the School of Humanities of the Ateneo de Manila University, Emeritus Professor at the Department of Filipino and Philippine Literature, College of Arts and Letters, University of the Philippines Diliman, and Professor of Literature at De La Salle University.For a time, Bienvenido Lumbera also served as President of the Alliance of Concerned Teachers (ACT), a National Organization of more than 40,000 teachers and employees in the education sector.The launching of Bayan at Lipunan Ang Kritisismo ni Bienvenido Lumbera, edited by Rosario Torres Yu and published by the University of Santo Tomas Publishing House, was far-famed by the University of the Philippines in January 2006.Bienvenido Lumbera was proclaimed National Artist in April 2006.PoetryLikhang Dila, Likhang Diwa nuong 1993.Poetika/Pulitika nuong 2008.Ka group B.Worksedit parentage editbetaPoetryedit source editbetaLikhang Dila, Likhang Diwa, 1993Poetika/Pulitika, 2008Ka BelLiterary criticismedit source editbetaRevaluation Essays on Literature, Cinema, and Popular Culture, 1984 Tagalog Poetry, 1570-1898 Tradition and Influences on Its Development, 1986 Abot-Tanaw Sulyap at Suri sa Nagbabagong Kultura at Lipunan, 1987 Textbooksedit source editbetaPedagogyPhilippine Literature A History and AnthologyRediscovery Essays in Philippine Life and CultureFilipinos Writing Philippine Literature from the RegionsPaano Magbasa ng Panitikang Filipino Mga Babasahing Pangkolehiyo Librettosedit source editbetaTales of the ManuvuRama, HariNasa Puso ang AmerikaBayaniNoli Me TangereHibik at Himagsik Nina Victoria LaktawAwardsedit source editbetaNational Artist, April, 2006Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature, and Crea tive Communication Arts, 1993 Pambansang Gawad Pambansang Alagad ni Balagtas, Unyon ng mga Manunulat ng Pilipinas (UMPIL) National Book Awards from the Manila Critics CircleCarlos Palanca memorialization Award for LiteratureVisiting Professorship, Osaka University of Foreign Studies Professor Emeritus, University of the PhilippinesPhilippine Centennial Literary Prize for DramaCultural Center of the Philippines Centennial Honors for the Arts 1st Asian scholar-in-residence at the University of Hawaii at Manoa *As a poet, heintroduced to Tagalog literature what is now known as Bagay poetry, a landmark aesthetic aim that has helped to change the vernacular poetic tradition. He is the author of the following worksLikhang Dila, Likhang Diwa (poems in Filipino and English), 1993 Balaybay, Mga Tulang Lunot at Manibalang, 2002 Sa Sariling Bayan, Apat na Dulang May Musika, 2004 Agunyas sa Hacienda Luisita, Pakikiramay, 2004. As a librettist for theTales of the Manuvu and Rama Hari, he pione ered the creative fusion of fine arts and pop imagination.As a scholar, his major books include the followingTagalog Poetry, 1570-1898 Tradition and Influences in its Development Philippine Literature A History and Anthology, Revaluation Essays on Philippine Literature, Writing the Nation/Pag-akda ng Bansa

Zoe’s Tale PART III Chapter Twenty

Admit it, Enzo rate, with the organizer. You forgot.I did not, I utter, with what I hoped was skilful the safe amount of scandalisation to suggest that I had not forgotten, which I had.I can get a line the fake indignation, he express.Rats, I say. Youre on to me. Finally.Finally? Thithers no finally, Enzo said. Ive been on to you since I met you.Maybe you involve, I allowed.And or so(prenominal) focusing, that doesnt solve this problem, Enzo said. Were near to put down for dinner. Youre supposed to be here. Not to sour you tonus guilty or boththing.This was the difference mingled with me and Enzo in a flash and wherefore. There intentiond to be a era when Enzo would fill said those words and they would entertain come out sounding like he was accusing me of something (besides, of course, being late). But right now they were gentle and funny. Yes, he was exasperated, simply he was exasperated in a way that suggested I baron be able to make it up to him. Whic h I probably would, if he didnt push it.I am in fact wracked with guilt, I said.Good, Enzo said. Because you know we put a whole extra potato in the stew for you.Gracious, I said. A whole potato.And I promised the twins they could throw their carrots at you, he said, referring to his half-size sisters. Because I know how much you fare carrots. Especially when theyre kid-hurled.I dont know why anyone would eat them any other way, I said.And after dinner I was breathing out to read you a poem I wrote for you, Enzo said.I paused. Now thats not fair, I said. Injecting something real into our witty banter.Sorry, Enzo said.Did you really? I asked. You havent written me a poem in ages.I know, he said. I thought I world power get merelyt into practice. I re share you sweet of liked it.You jerk, I said. Now I really do feel guilty for forgetting nigh dinner.Dont feel too guilty, Enzo said. Its not a precise good poem. It doesnt evening rhyme.Well, thats a relief, I said. I still fe lt giddy. Its nice to get poems.Ill ravish it to you, Enzo said. You can read it instead. And and so, peradventure if youre nice to me, Ill read it to you. Dramatically.What if Im mean to you? I asked.Then Ill read it melodramatically, he said. Ill agitate my arms and everything.Youre do a case for me being mean to you, I said.Hey, youre already missing dinner, Enzo said. Thats worth an arm wave or two.Jerk, I said. I could almost date him smile over the arranger.Gotta go, Enzo said. Moms telling me to set the table.Do you requirement me to try to make it? I asked. All of a sudden I really did necessitate to be there. I can try.Youre going to run across the entire colony in cinque minutes? Enzo said.I could do it, I said.Maybe Babar could, Enzo said. But he has two legs much than you.Fine, I said. Ill send Babar to have dinner with you.Enzo laughed. Do that, he said. Ill tell you what, Zoe. Walk here at a argueable pace, and youll probably make it in time for dessert. M om made a pie.Yay, pie, I said. What kind?I guess its called Zoe gets whatever kind of pie she gets and likes it pie, Enzo said.Mmmm, I said. I always like that kind of pie.Well, yeah, Enzo said. Its right there in the title.Its a date, I said.Good, Enzo said. Dont forget. I know thats a problem for you.Jerk, I said. verification your unhorse queue, Enzo said. There might be a poem there.Im going to wait for the hand waving, I said.Thats probably for the lift out, Enzo said. Itll be better that way. And now my mom is glaring at me with laser eyeballs. I have to go.Go, I said. See you soon.Okay, Enzo said. Love you. We had started saying that to individually other recently. It exposemed to fit.Love you too, I said, and disconnected.You two make me want to vomit so intemperately, Gretchen said. Shed been apprehending my side of the conversation and had been rolling her eyes the whole time. We were session in her bedroom.I set down the personal organizer and whacked her with a pillow. Youre just jealous Magdy never says that to you.Oh, dear Lord, Gretchen said. Leaving aside the fact that I so do not want to hear that from him, if he ever did try to say that to me, his head would actually explode in advance the words could even get out of his mouth. Which now that I think about it might be an excellent reason to try to get him to say it.You two are so cute, I said. I can define you two stand up at the altar and getting into it right before saying I do.Zoe, if I ever get anywhere near an altar with Magdy, I authorize you to make a fast(a) tackle and drag me away, Gretchen said.Oh, fine, I said.Now lets never speak of this again, Gretchen said.Youre so in denial, I said.At least Im not the one who forgot her dinner date, Gretchen said.It gets worse, I said. He wrote me poetry. He was going to read it to me.You lost(p) dinner and a show, Gretchen said. You are the worst girlfriend ever.I know, I said. I reached for my PDA. Ill write him an vindication note saying that.Make it extra grovelly, Gretchen said. Because thats sexy.That comment explains a lot about you, Gretchen, I said, and then my PDA took on a life of its own, blasting an alarm sound from its speaker and scrolling an air ack-ack notice on its screen. Over on Gretchens desk, her PDA made the equivalent alarm sound and scrolled the same message. Every PDA in the colony did the same. In the distance, we heard the sirens, posted near the Mennonite homesteads, alerting them because they didnt use personal technology.For the front time since the defeat of the Conclave fleet, Roanoke was under attack. Missiles were on their way.I rushed to the opening of Gretchens room. Where are you going? she asked. I ignored her and went outside, where race were bursting out of their homes and running for cover, and looked into the sky.What are you doing? Gretchen said, catching up with me. We need to get to a entertain.Look, I said, and pointed.In the distance, a bright needle of light was exa tap across the sky, aiming at something we couldnt quite see. Then there was a flash, blinding white. There was a acknowledgment satellite above Roanoke it had fired on and hit one of the missiles coming for us. But others were still on their way.The sharp pop of the missile explosion reached us, with not nearly enough time lag.Come on, Zoe, Gretchen said, and started tugging at me. Weve got to go.I s outgoped looking at the sky and ran with Gretchen to one of the community fosters we had recently excavated and built it was pickaxe up quickly with colonists. As I ran I saw hickory and Dickory, who had spotted me they closed in and took either side of me as we got into the shelter. Even in the panic, hoi polloi still made room for them. Gretchen, Hickory, Dickory, about four dozen other colonists, and I all hunched down in the shelter, straining to hear what was going on above us through nearly a dozen feet of dirt and concrete.What do you think is happ someone said and then there was unspeakable wrenching noise, like someone had taken one of the cargo containers that made up the colony wall and peeled it a spokesperson, right on top of our eardrums and then I was tumbling to the cornerstone because there was an earthquake and I screamed and bet that everyone else in the shelter did too but I couldnt hear it because then came the single loudest noise I had ever heard, so loud that my brain surrendered and the noise became the absence of noise, and the only way I knew that I, at least, was still screaming was that I could feel my throat getting raw. Either Hickory or Dickory grabbed me and held me steady I could see Gretchen being held the same way by the other Obin.The lights in the shelter flickered but stayed on.Eventually I halt screaming and the ground stopped shaking and something similar to my hearing came clog up to me and I could hear others in the shelter crying and praying and trying to calm children. I looked over at Gretch en, who looked stricken. I untangle from Dickory (it turned out) and went over to her.You okay? I asked. My voice sounded like it was pushed through cotton from a distance. Gretchen nodded but didnt look at me. It occurred to me it was the first time shed been in an attack.I looked around. Most of the people in the shelter looked like Gretchen. It was the first time any of these people had been in an attack. Of all these people, I was the one who was the experient of a hostile attack. I guess that put me in charge.I saw a PDA on the floor someone had dropped it. I picked it up and activated it and read what was there. Then I stood up and waved my hands back and forth and said Excuse me until people started looking at me. I think enough people recognized me as the daughter of the colony leaders that they decided I might know something after all.The emergency information on the PDA says that the attack seems to be over, I said when enough people were looking my way. But until we get an all clear argue we need to stay here in the shelter. We need to stay here and stay calm. Is anyone here injured or sick?I cant hear very hale, someone said.I dont think any of us can hear well right now, I said. Thats why Im yelling. It was an attempt at a joke. I dont think people were going for it. Are there any injuries here besides hearing loss? No one said anything or raised their hand. Then lets just sit tight here and wait for the all clear. I held up the PDA I was using. Whose is this? soulfulness raised their hand I asked if I could borrow it.Someone took in charge lessons when I wasnt looking, Gretchen said when I sat back down next to her. The words were authorized Gretchen, but the voice was very, very shaky.We were just under attack, I said. If someone doesnt pretend like she knows what shes doing, people are going to start freaking out. That would be bad.Not arguing, Gretchen said. Just impressed. She pointed to the PDA. tidy sum you send any messages? Can we find out whats happening?I dont think so, I said. The emergency system overrides usual messaging, I think. I signed out the owner on the PDA and signed in under my account. See. Enzo said he move that poem to me but its not there yet. Its probably queued and will get sent once we have the all clear.So we dont know if everyone else is okay, Gretchen said.Im sure well get an all clear signal soon, I said. You worried about your tonic?Yes. Arent you worried about your parents? Gretchen asked.They were soldiers, I said. Theyve done this before. Im worried about them, but Im betting theyre fine. And Jane is the one running the emergency messages. As long as theyre updating, shes fine. The PDA switched over from my mail queue to a scrolling note we were being given the all clear. See, I said.I had Hickory and Dickory larn the entrance of the shelter for any falling debris it was clear. I signed out from the PDA and gave it back to its owner, and then folks started shuffling out. Gretche n and I were the last to head up.Watch your step, Gretchen said as we came up, and pointed to the ground. Glass was everywhere. I looked around. All the houses and buildings were standing, but almost all the windows were blown out. Wed be picking glaze over out of everything for days.At least its been nice weather, I said. No one seemed to hear me. Probably just as well.I said good-bye to Gretchen and headed to my house with Hickory and Dickory. I found much scratch in surprising places and Babar cowering in the shower stall. I managed to coax him out and gave him a big hug. He licked my face with increasing franticness. After I petted him and calmed him down, I reached for my PDA to call Mom or Dad, and then realized I had left it over at Gretchens. I had Hickory and Dickory stay with Babar he require their company more than I did at the moment and walked over to Gretchens. As I walked to her house, her apparent motion door swung open and Gretchen burst through it, saw me an d ran to me, her PDA in one hand and mine in the other.Zoe, she said, and then her face tightened up, and whatever she had to say was lost for a minute.Oh, no, I said. Gretchen. Gretchen. What is it? Is it your dad? Is your dad okay?Gretchen shook her head, and looked up at me. Its not my dad, she said. My dad is fine. Its not Dad. Zoe, Magdy just called me. He says something hit. summate Enzos homestead. He said the house is still there but theres something big in the yard. He thinks its part of a missile. Says he tried to call Enzo but hes not there. No ones there. No ones answering there. He said they just built a bomb shelter, away from the house. In the yard, Zoe. Magdy says he keeps calling and no one answers. I just called Enzo, too. I dont get anything, Zoe. It doesnt even connect. I keep trying. Oh God, Zoe. Oh God, Zoe. Oh, God.Enzo Paulo Gugino was natural on Zhong Guo, the first child of Bruno and Natalie Gugino. Bruno and Natalie had known each other since they were c hildren and everyone who knew them knew that from the first moment they laid eyes on each other that they would be together for every single moment of their lives. Bruno and Natalie didnt argue with this idea. Bruno and Natalie, as cold as anyone ever knew, never argued about anything, and certainly didnt argue with each other. They married young, even for the late religious culture they lived in on Zhong Guo, in which people often married early. But no one could cypher the two of them not being together their parents gave their consent and the two of them were married in one of the scoop out-attended weddings anyone could remember in their hometown of Pomona Falls. Nine months later, almost to the day, there was Enzo.Enzo was sweet from the moment he was born he was always happy and only occasionally fussy, although (as was frequently explained, much to his later mortification) he had a marked tendency to take off his own diapers and smear the contents of them against the near est available wall. This caused a real problem one time in a bank. Fortunately he was toilet-trained early.Enzo met his best friend Magdy Metwalli in kindergarten. On the first day of school, a third-grader had tried to pick on Enzo, and pushed him hard down to the ground Magdy, whom Enzo had never seen before in his life, launched himself at the third-grader and started punching him in the face. Magdy, who at the time was refined for his age, did no real damage other than scaring the pee out of the third-grader (literally) it was Enzo who eventually pulled Magdy off the third-grader and calmed him down before they were all sent to the principals office and then home for the day.Enzo showed a flair for words early and wrote his first story when he was seven, en title The horrible sock that smelled bad and ate Pomona Falls except for my house, in which a large sock, mutated by its own horrible unwashed smell, started eating its way through the contents of an entire town and was thw arted only when the heroes Enzo and Magdy first punched it into submission and then threw it into a swimming kitty-cat filled with laundry soap. The first part of the story (about the origin of the sock) took three sentences the climactic battle panorama took three pages. Rumor is Magdy (the one reading the story, not the one in it) kept asking for more of the fight scene.When Enzo was ten his mother became pregnant for a second time, with twins Maria and Katherina. The pregnancy was difficult, and complicate because Natalies body had a hard time keeping two babies in it at once the lecture was a near thing and Natalie came close to bleeding out more than once. It took Natalie more than a year to fully recover, and during that time the ten- and eleven-year-old Enzo helped his founding father and mother to care for his sisters, learning to change diapers and feed the girls when his mom needed a rest. This was the occasion of the only real fight between Magdy and Enzo Magdy joki ngly called Enzo a sissy for serving his mom, and Enzo smacked him in the mouth.When Enzo was fifteen the Guginos and the Metwallis and two other families they knew entered a group application to be part of the very first colony world made up of citizens of the Colonial Union rather than citizens of Earth. For the next a couple of(prenominal) months every part of Enzos life, and the life of his family, was opened up to scrutiny, and he bore it with as much change as anyone who was fifteen and who mostly just cherished to be left alone could have. Every member of every family was required to submit a statement explaining why they wanted to be part of the colony. Bruno Gugino explained how he had been a fan of the American Colonization era, and the early history of the Colonial Union he wanted to be part of this new chapter of history. Natalie Gugino wrote about wanting to raise her family on a world where everyone was works together. Maria and Katherina drew pictures of them floa ting in space with smiley moons.Enzo, who lovemakingd words more and more, wrote a poem, imagining himself standing on a new world, and titled it The Stars My Destination. He later admitted hed taken the title from an obscure fantasy adventure book that hed never read but whose title stayed with him. The poem, meant only for his application, was leaked to the local media and became something of a sensation. It eventually became sort of an official unofficial anthem for the Zhong Guo colonization effort. And after all that, Enzo and his family and co-applicants really couldnt not be chosen to go.When Enzo had just turned sixteen, he met a girl, named Zoe, and for some reason that passes understanding, he fell for her. Zoe was a girl who seemed like she knew what she was doing most of the time and was happy to tell you that this was in fact the case, all the time, but in their private moments, Enzo learned that Zoe was as nervous and unsealed and panic-struck that she would say or do something stupid to scare away this boy she thought she might love, as he was nervous and uncertain and terrified that he would do something stupid, too. They talked and touched and held and kissed and learned how not to be nervous and uncertain and terrified of each other. They did say and do stupid things, and they did eventually scare each other away, because they didnt know any better. But then they got over it, and when they were together again, that second time, they didnt wonder whether they might love each other. Because they knew they did. And they told each other so.On the day Enzo died he talked to Zoe, joked with her about her missing the dinner she was supposed to have with his family, and promised to send her a poem he had written for her. Then he told her he loved her and heard her tell him she loved him. Then he sent her the poem and sat down with his family to dinner. When the emergency alert came, the Gugino family, father Bruno, mother Natalie, daughters Mari a and Katherina, and son Enzo, went together into the attack shelter Bruno and Enzo had made just a week before, and sat together close, holding each other and waiting for the all clear.On the day Enzo died he knew he was loved. He knew he was loved by his mother and father who, like everyone knew, never stopped loving each other until the very moment they died. Their love for each other became their love for him, and for their daughters. He knew he was loved by his sisters, who he cared for when they were small, and when he was small. He knew he was loved by his best friend, who he never stopped getting out of smother, and who he never stopped getting into trouble with. And he knew he was loved by Zoe by me who he called his love and who said the words back to him.Enzo lived a life of love, from the moment he was born until the moment he died. So many people go through life without love. Wanting love. Hoping for love. Hungering for more of it than they have. Missing love when i t was gone. Enzo never had to go through that. Would never have to.All he knew all his life was love.I have to think it was enough.It would have to be, now.I spent the day with Gretchen and Magdy and all of Enzos friends, of whom there were so many, crying and laughing and remembering him, and then at some point I couldnt take any more because everyone had begun to treat me like Enzos widow and though in a way I felt like I was, I didnt want to have to share that with anyone. It was mine and I wanted to be greedy for it for just a picayune while. Gretchen saw I had reached some sort of breaking point, and walked me back to her room and told me to get some rest, and that shed check on me later. Then she gave me a fierce hug, kissed me on the temple and told me she loved me and closed the door shadower me. I lay there in Gretchens bed and tried not to think and did a attractive good job of it until I remembered Enzos poem, waiting for me in my mail queue.Gretchen had put my PDA on her desk and I walked over, took the PDA and sat back down on the bed, and pulled up my mail queue and saw the mail from Enzo. I reached to press the screen to retrieve it and then called up the directory instead. I found the folder titled Enzo Dodgeball and opened it and started playing the files, watching as Enzo flailed his way around the dodgeball court, taking hits to the face and tumbling to the ground with unbelievable comic timing. I watched until I laughed so hard that I could barely see, and had to put the PDA down for a minute to concentrate on the simple act of breathing in and out.When I had mastered that again, I picked up the PDA, called up the mail queue, and opened the mail from Enzo.ZoeHere you are. Youll have to imagine the arm waving for now. But the live show is coming That is, after we have pie. Mmmmpie.BELONGYou said I perish to youAnd I agreeBut the quality of that belongingIs a question of some importance.I do not belong to youLike a purchaseSomething orde red and soldAnd delivered in a boxTo be put up and shown offTo friends and admirers.I would not belong to you that wayAnd I know you would not have me so.I will tell you how I belong to you.I belong to you like a ring on a fingerA symbol of something eternal.I belong to you like a heart in a chestBeating in time to another heart.I belong to you like a word on the airSending love to your ear.I belong to you like a kiss on your lipsPut there by me, in the hope of more to come.And most of all I belong to youBecause in where I hold my hopesI hold the hope that you belong to me.It is a hope I unfold for you now like a gift.Belong to me like a ringAnd a heartAnd a wordAnd a kissAnd like a hope held close.I will belong to you like all these thingsAnd also something moreSomething we will discover between usAnd will belong to us alone.You said I belong to youAnd I agree.Tell me you belong to me, too.I wait for your wordAnd hope for your kiss.Love you.Enzo.I love you, too, Enzo. I love you.I miss you.

A Case Study on Branding Bangladesh

pic DEPARTMENT of MARKETING COURSE NAME Product and target Management. An assignment on- Country stigmatisation A Case Study on Branding Bangladesh. Submitted To Shaikh Rafiqul Islam plug into Professor, segment of Marketing. Submitted By Revolution 8th Semester, school term 2008-09. Date of Submission 10/12/2012. pic REVOLUTION third Batch Session 2008-09 Serial Name of Students Roll No 01. Farjana Nur Purabi 091648 02. Anik Kumar Devnath 091654 03. Sheikh Sazzadur Rahman 091664 04. Md. Ashiqur Rahman Rana Biswas 091695 05. Rumana Jahan 091743 06. Md. Masudur Rahman 091750 07. Md. Rabiul Islam 091758 08. Md. Mushfiqur Rahman 091759 09. Mohammad Ullah 07882876 December 10, 2012. Shaikh Rafiqul Islam. Associate Professor. Department of Marketing . Jagannath University. Dhaka-1100. Dear Sir, Here is the assignment you allocated us to prep be on Branding Bangladesh. After researching and studying the current situation of the unpolished based on demanded data we consent been able to prep be the assignment.All of the major points and insights information associated with the given issue are included here. likewise, we have attempt to include some of our personal assumption, practical experience and sentiment to make the assignment much fruitful. Thanking you for great(p) the break accomplishing such an fire educative task. Hope to hear from you soon. Sincerely, Group - Revolution. 8th Semester. 3rd Batch. Session - 2008-2009 Title Page Country Branding A Case Study on Branding Bangladesh touristry exporting Brands close and Heritage picpic People Investment Foreign and national policies pic pic pic Country stigmatization is divers(prenominal) in stigmatisation from a product. In developing the strategy, it would involve many intricacies and can be a long drawn out procedure. Branding Bangladesh is all about positioning Bangladesh in the minds of people. Branding Bangladesh is an key plan because it forget help the country to dow nstairsstand how publics perceive her across the nations.Those people are consumers, latent tourists, and, virtually importantly potential investors. In the proceeds treat of Bangladesh they all are participating actively. An hard-hitting nation swording campaign accelerates the economic growth of Bangladesh and the citizens feel dignified. It mustiness be remembered that there are around 195 nations in the world all are raptorially competing for the attention of investors, tourists, and citizens. Therefore, a well-planned nation mark campaign is crucial for the branding of Bangladesh. Table of Contents TOPIC PAGE PART A (Introductory Part) preamble 7 Objectives 7 Methodology 8 Limitations 8 PART B (Theoretical Framework/ books Review) Literature Review 9 PART C Brand belongingss of Bangladesh 10 Strategies for Branding Bangladesh 12 Country and corporate Brands Co-positioning 16 Findings at a glance 16 PART D Recommendations 17 Conclusion 17 Reference s 18 Creating a branding program for Bangladesh demands an integration policy that most countries do not possess. To advance our commercial success it is very important to take action regarding branding Bangladesh.Branding Bangladesh the presidency should always stick with their international public figure in countries they aim to target and the stakeholder should collaborate together and agree on a content stratagem. If the stakeholders could unite as whiz, pin down the purpose and objectives, and fulfill the process, it would reflect the entrust of one nation. Maintaining continuously the reputation in every sector (Tourism, exports, culture, people, brands and policy) is important to accelerate the task of branding. This assignment aims at clarifying the concepts of branding Bangladesh and argues that for a developing country like Bangladesh, branding is a prerequisite for national development. The specific objectives of this paper are Review the conceptual and theoretic al foundation of nation branding by leading authors in the marketing field ? Examining and defining Branding Bangladesh and discussing its challenges. ? Attaining insights into branding Bangladesh ? Being familiar on the subject matter for later investigation for branding Bangladesh. selective information COLLECTION Considering the objectives of the assignment, time, types of respondents, we collected both primary election and Secondary data to find out the indispensable information regarding the strategies of branding Bangladesh. The sources are mentioned here- PRIMARY info ? Taking personal interview of concerning people of tourism board ? Discussing with the concerning people of Brand Forum of Bangladesh.SECONDARY DATA ? Studying contrasting articles and advertisements published in daily newspapers ? Visiting different websites and journals. While preparing the assignment we confront some problems that were unavoidable and these limitations are mentioned below ? This assignme nt was totally an unfamiliar type of assignment to us ? People of the authority were unwilling to provide full information about our given topic ? The permitted glance time we have got was very limited ? We did not get enough concern person to collect necessity information ? Our communication was confined only to the Dhaka city. Bangladesh has always held great promise.It enjoyed widespread multinational public book during the war of liberation, not only because its trial was identifiable, but also due to the circumstance that it aimed to establish a socio-economic equilibrium and an equitable society where all(prenominal) citizen would have the opportunity to flourish. Another interesting problem the nation faces is that when it is compared to other countries it is invariably compared to nations with drug, mafia, and terrorist problems. While it is true that Bangladesh a huge population, with high un utilizationment rates, and increase price inflation, often comparing it to f ailed or a semi-failed states does not do it justice. The weak status keep till the nineties. Then even Transparency International pass overed ranking us as one of the most corrupt countries in the world. However, the nations cooking stove started improving post-2000 as did its mathematical process indicators.The major indicators for socio-economic growth include advancement in health status, increasing literacy, progress in gender balance, enhancement of employment opportunities, building carry-over and communications facilities, huge increases in media reach amongst rural and urban people, booming ITC businesses, a rise in remittance and agricultural, industrial, and ready-make garments (RMG) booms. In 2006, our global compute increased exponentially with Prof. Yunus and Grameen Bank winning the Nobel relaxation Prize. That put Bangladesh in a untroubled position, globally and we cannot let that slip. Therefore, it has become imperative to develop a nation branding campai gn to keep us in the global limelight for the right reasons.While branding Bangladesh, the brand strategists must consider two key basic objectives Firstly, it is crucial to instill pride in Bangladeshis and to persuade our people to be positive and feel dignified about themselves and for their country. The success of the nation branding program strongly depends on their active affaire, ownership, and support. They should be proud of their country, culture, and heritage. Secondly, the government should come up with an aggressive but distinct nation branding campaign immediately, it is essential for our progress. Countries like India, Thailand, China, Malaysia, etc started similar branding journeys more than a decade ago and should not lag too far behind.We need a emphatic branding campaign for our country so that we can emerge as an Asian Tiger by 2021 which will also mark the 50th year of our independence. Dr. Khalid Hasanis Managing Director, Nielsen Bangladesh and Treasurer AmCh am Bangladesh. Acknowledgement AmCham Bangladesh. Brand Dimensions of Bangladesh Anholt is recognized for Anholt-GfK commonwealth Brand Index (NBI), and it is based on the same six categories to measure the global perception of a country. The brand of a country is judged based of the six balances. In case of branding Bangladesh we efficacy center on these dimensions and create brand image for Bangladesh. Fig The Six Dimensions of a national branding Dimension 1 TourismTourism is one of the most visible aspects of a country brand because it receives considerable financial support from governments, and is therefore the main marketing tool at the national level. It is a major economic driver through employment, international visitor expenditures, investments, and regional development. Bangladesh Tourism Board has adopted different policies and strategies to promote and champ Bangladesh. It includes brand taglines like Beautiful Bangladesh. Dimension 2 Export brands There is a co nstant struggle to increase share of exports within the global market. In order to attain this purpose, the fiber of exported products or go has to be superior to that of competitors. Export brands represent an important mark for Bangladesh.An increase in exports can bear the self-esteem of a country, which in turn boosts self-confidence and further success. Ten years ago, as a country Bangladesh was little known across the Globe. Today, most of the countries label as the country of high quality garments product and this is mainly due to the performance of our garments industry. Dimension 3 Investments All countries, be they developing or developed, are now striving for an investment-friendly image. Country brand, and everything that it stands for, has a lot to say when it comes to attracting foreign direct investments. In case of Bangladesh it is very good for us that a large subdue of investors are coming in different sectors.Dimension 4 Foreign and domestic policies. Nations are also judged in accordance with the foreign and domestic policies that their leaders initiate. Foreign and domestic policies must be twin(a) so that they would invigorate the national brand. As a country we have to increase the ability to meet the residents needs for health, education, human rights, political participation more effectively. Dimension 5 People It is worth mentioning that the branding of a country must start from inside because a countrys brand is most frequently promoted by its people. In 2006, our global image increased exponentially with Prof. Yunus and Grameen Bank winning the Nobel Peace Prize.That put Bangladesh in a strong position, globally and we cannot let that slip. Beside, Sakib-al-hasan, a Bangladeshi cricketer also increases the brand image of our country holding number one position in ICC Cricket ranking. Joining the mission of UN, Bangladesh Army has created a new dimension for Bangladesh and it is obviously a good sign for our country Dimension 6 Culture and Heritage bear but not least, one should not overlook the cultural dimension of a country brand. Culture penetrates all areas of life, including all scientific endeavors. For this reason, culture has turned into the ultimate reference point, a conventionally current solution to all problematic questions.Strategies for branding Bangladesh We should take on a more conscious bowel movement in branding country because country images draw out identifications, affect evaluations and purchase decisions. Additionally, countries compete for tourists, foreign investments and talented people. Let us look at this figure- compass objectives Branding Bangladesh we have to set absolved and characteristic objectives that will help us to accomplish the different task most effectively. Different objectives competency be ? To be a Middle Income Country (MIC) ? 30th largest economy ? Per capita us dollar 6000 ? sparing goal Agro and labor intensive industry GDP growth to 10% Envi ronmental protection menu and ship building hub. Performing SWOT analysis Performing a SWOT analysis for nations is an idea that has been promoted by many others. In his book The Marketing of Nations, Philip Kotler (1997) confirmed the idea that each nation must assess its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) periodically in its five areas of capability Government leadership Factor endowments Industrial agreement Social cohesion Culture, attitudes and orders. Based on the guidelines we might perform an effective SWOT analysis that will help to figure out our own most effectively and define the countrys objectives. S- stance W- Weakness Potential Growth economics, want of Coordination among different groups, Successfully meeting the millennium development goal. Lack of coordination between corporate and country co branding, Insufficient budget. O- Opportunity T- Threat Positive sovereign assent achieved, Corruption, Making agreement wit h different countries. Political instability. Choosing a Specific direction for distinctive branding For distinctive branding we might choose a specific direction from industries, personalities, natural landmarks or historical events.This process will help create brand image more effectively. Expanding upon an Umbrella concept Expanding upon an umbrella concept will help to cover separate branding activities with consistency. Different branding activities will be coordinated through an umbrella concept. Consulting with opinion leaders to look at national strengths and weaknesses and compare those with the research we might do create this concept. Allocating adequate funds to finance each branding activities To create a no-hit brand image and create a greater impact regarding brand adequate fund is necessary and concerning people should handle the matter with kin interest Creating Export ControlCreating export controls to ensure exported products are trustworthy and meeting the affirmed performance is necessary for branding Bangladesh. We have good will in foreign market in case of exporting garments products but sometimes it has been seen that due to some reasons our country is branded negatively and to avoid this we need to control export market. Maintaining balance between promise and performance We will have to be very careful to maintain balance between the promise and performance. sometimes it has been seen that we cant afford quality service for the promising things e. g sometimes foreigners come to our country to enjoy heritage sides but due to transportation facility and accommodation facility they dont get expected performance.This point is the main thing to create a positive brand image for Bangladesh. Performing Activities on a regular reason Creating positive brand image different campaigns are needed. But we have to keep in mind that these campaigns should be taken consistently and thinking the mess and long run interest of the country. Cre ating strategy and Working out program to make the strategy genuine through improvement programs, campaigns are important to reinforce the past campaign. Making all the members interactive Ensuring the cooperation and conflict of representatives of government, business, the arts, education and importantly the media we can make a fruitful effect for Bangladesh.In recent years the growth of Media sectors has constantly drawn our attention and the media might play a crucial role to brand Bangladesh. It is necessary to mobilize all those available forces of politicians, business people, artists, sportsmen and scientists to create a strategy for enhancing the image and reputation of Bangladesh on the international markets, i. e. for creating the national branding strategy. Country and Corporate Brands Co-positioning The concept of countries as brands has been increasingly recognized in the post-modern global world. A strong country brand can provide corporate brands with a funny set of values, which supports their positioning on the international market.Simultaneously, once corporate brands achieve worldwide success, they contribute actively to developing new features of the country brand. A nations image can provide rivalrous advantage to its company/product/service brands. Until and unless Bangladesh has some international brands it will be very hard to create good brand image for Bangladesh. Consider Finland, a country which was outside the global electron orbit ten years ago, and therefore little known. Today, we label it as the country of high-tech mobile holler technology, and this is mainly due to Nokias performance. In Bangladeshi context there are some brands (Square, Walton etc) so the overnment should coordinate to development of the company and in the mean time these companies should take initiatives for the country branding Besides that we might consider the task of Prothom Alo and Airtel Company, who jointly arrange the design of the largest Alp ona at Manik Mia Avenue and thus made a new dimension for themselves as well as create a good image for Bangladesh in the world. Findings at a glance ? It is now more critical than ever to create a unique identity for destination because it is now more competitive for survival in the global market. ? control budget and little management control create obstacles on the way of creating good brand image for Bangladesh. Political pressures, External environment factors such as economic downturn, natural disasters and pandemics can affect the process of branding Bangladesh. ? A major challenge for Bangladesh is that when the tourists visit the destination and found the reality does not contain the projected image from the pre-trip information gathered prior to trip, the gap will lead to disappointment and they will become brand terrorists. This would lead to low repeat visitation and damage the brand image indirectly. ? local anaesthetic governors and mayors have different objectives to promote their own region and cities rather than the nation. ? Failure of government to control the arise of information through the Internet that shapes the national image. We need to conduct research among the people of Bangladesh, covering different segments, to understand their views and expectations. This will help in understanding the pulse of the nation and giving ownership to everyone, thus, self-coloured different target audiences, different needs, and different institutions. The research should be conducted both internally (to understand the countrys socio-economic situation) and externally (global research among the investors and tourists). The findings will help develop a strategic plan on the nation-branding campaign ? refer groups should make regular promotional activities to brand this country The tourism sector of should be taken under management to increase international brand value of Bangladesh by capturing large number of tourists ? Both the government fir ms and Multinational Firms need to make attention to increase the international brand value of Bangladesh ? The key focus should be on the six dimensions which are mentioned earlier in the assignment to make our country value stronger. Country branding is not about constructing slogans. Country branding involves planned communication management and goal-directed social engineering. Branding is no longer a choice but a necessity, and the branding is not a function to be performed solely by the state or individual corporations, but an combinatorial and concerted effort by all concerned stakeholders.If a country is effectively branded muted power can be engendered giving that country vast competitive advantage. However, only few developing countries have articulated and implemented a country branding strategy. The notion of an umbrella country brand inspiring, guiding and feeding commercial brands is a compelling one. Branding of developing countries could unleash a sustainable weal th creation behavior which will greatly help these poor countries break out of their pauperization cycle. There is now an opportunity for developing countries to close this gap by turning their attention to employ professionalism in country branding. Books- ? Kevin Lane Keller (2012-2013), Strategic Brand Management,3rd edition. Philip Kotler, Nation Branding 1997. Publications- ? Mathias Akotia, CEO Brand gold coast Office Accra, Ghana, Country Branding Promoting Investment, Tourism and Exports through Country Communication Management and Social applied science. ? Dr. Khalid Hasan, Managing Director, Nielsen Bangladesh and Treasurer AmCham Bangladesh. Acknowledgement AmCham Bangladesh, Nation Branding. Websites- ? http//www. bangladeshbrandforum. com ? http//www. thedailystar. net ? http//www. tourismboard. gov. bd ? http//www. interbrand. com THE END Letter of Transmittal - Executive analysis PART A Preamble ObjectivesMethodology Limitations PART B Literature Review PART C Fi ndings Export Brands Tourism Country Brand Investment People Foreign and Domestic polices Culture and Heritage Setting Objectives Step-1 Performing SWOT Analysis Step-2 Expanding upon an Umbrella concept Step-4 Choosing a Specific direction for distinctive branding Step-3 Strategies of Branding Bangladesh Creating Export Control Step-5 Making all the members interactive Step-9 Allocating adequate funds to finance each branding activities Step-6 Maintaining balance between promise and performance Step-7 Performing Activities on a regular basis Step-8 PART D Recommendation Conclusion ReferencesRead also Padma Bridge